Additionally, t-BOOH is selectively reduced by selenium-dependent GPx (the predominant form in cells), ensuring specific detection of this isoform
For adult mice, the inner ear was isolated, fixed with 4% PFA overnight, and decalcified in 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
Among them, 15.5% with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have abnormal myocardial systolic or diastolic function, whereas patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are mostly middle-aged and elderly, with a relatively higher risk of cardiovascular system complications ( Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death that is often accompanied by massive iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, as well as a deficiency in oxidoreductases, especially glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX 4 ) ( 4 directly or indirectly through different pathways, causing a decrease in cellular antioxidant capacity and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to cell death ( In recent years, studies have shown that ferroptosis is strongly associated with various diseases including ischemic heart disease, kidney disease, liver damage, degenerative diseases, and diabetes ( 2 Roles and regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis 2.1 Ferroptosis and iron metabolism Iron is an important nutrient in the human body and is involved in a variety of biological processes, such as oxygen transport, lipid metabolism, DNA and protein synthesis, and cellular respiration
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Besides, a comprehensive set of genes mentioned in this study related to cuproptosis were gathered, including LIAS, FDX1, LIPT1, DLD, DLAT, PDHA1, PDHB, MTF1, GLS, CDKN2A, SLC31A1, ATP7A, ATP7B, along with associated proteins Glutathione and HSP70
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